
As
GamePolitics detailed yesterday, the Arizona Senate Judiciary Committee held a hearing on HB2660, a measure which would potentially hold media content producers liable for violent acts committed by consumers of books, movies, video games and the like.
According to a report in this morning's
Arizona Republic, the measure, which was approved by the Arizona State House in March, was defeated in the Senate Judiciary Committee by a 4-2 vote. From the newspaper account:
Saying they had too many unanswered questions, members of a state legislative panel on Monday snuffed out a proposal that would make companies financially liable for creating or distributing books, movies and other media that eventually led to a serious crime.
Bill sponsor, Rep. Warde Nichols (R), said that he planned to reintroduce a more concisely-written version of HB2660 in 2009. He told the Arizona Republic:
At the end of the day, companies will have to stand before their customers and shareholders and explain why they are OK with the production and distribution of violent, forced, non-consensual sex acts.
Wendy Briggs (left), a lobbyist representing various entertainment industries - including the video game sector - at the hearing, said:
The First Amendment is not a defense, it's a right. It is a right to have the freedom to speak and to not have that speech chilled in any way because of your fear of the collection of civil penalties.
Sen. Ken Cheuvront (D) explained his vote against the measure:
[Makers of movies depicting rape] are atrocious in what they create. But at the same time this bill is so broad based, we have to be careful about unintended consequences.
The
Arizona Daily Star has more on the story...
UPDATE: Click
here to watch video of the hearing (approximately two hours long). Click on HB2660 below the video window to jump directly to the hearing on the media content bill.
Comments
Just because you think some form of media is bad doesn’t mean you can stop other people from accessing it. Sooner or later these politicians are going to have to face this and quit wasting time trying to crush free speech."
I don't think it's meant to stop people from accessing it. Rather, it seems meant to scare the companies into not producing it. Which I guess is sort of the same thing, depending on how you look at it. But if the companies don't fear the backlash, they can produce whatever they want and we can buy whatever they want. The bill only holds them responsible if someone commits an act as the result of the media. It's a liability bill, not a "forbidden from production" law.
4-2 on the Anti-christ of media censorship?
... What companies are these? I mean, I know Microsoft has occasionally raped my wallet, but that's it. You've gotta love these non-specific examples. I'd bet he can't name a single one.
The bill was about 'violent acts' which could be anything, including Jerry hitting tom with a pie. But the people acted as if it only covered rape.
Ex1: "OK with the production and distribution of violent, forced, non-consensual sex acts."
Ex2: "[Makers of movies depicting rape] are atrocious in what they create."
Yes, rape is a violent act, but not all violent acts are rape. If they did pass this law, even just against rape, half of the Lifetime channel would have to blocked, as a lot of those stories are about the rape victim standing up for herself; but they depict rape. Did he just call the Lifetime channel (and a handful of After School Specials about date rape) attrocious? Perhaps you didn't think this law through all the way before you wated a lot of tax payers money.
Next thing you know, they will pass a law pulling all copies of Custers Last Stand (or whatever the title was) off the shelves, which could impact the sales of the Atarii 2600...
Excuse, is that person serious here?
Since when do you distribute "violent, forced, non-consensual sex acts", its not as if companies are selling "instant-rape-in-a-can" here, they're works of art in a way, sure they may be violent, or otherwise disturbing, but that doesn't mean companies should be liable for what a crazy person does after "consuming" one of their products.
That person made a choice, and nothing a company does will change what a person may possibly do. (except perhaps medication).
Would have been a better and more realistic quote given the whole movie rape thing considering that the major opponent was video games.
I really hope change is coming and we'll return to personal accountability instead of finding scapegoats so we can let truly screwed up people free. This way they can kill/rape/rob/etc. again. Genius. Just further tells me that both parties have lost their way. I can only hope that both candidates can pull their parties from the brink of insanity.
NOTE: I'm assuming that by April 22 there will only be one Democratic Candidate, no matter what the other one thinks.
Would any number of comedies be banned if someone organized a cream pie fighting contest?
Unless you call AWPing a line of three terrorists in Counterstrike with one shot rape, yeah. You're right.
These people need a nice hard smack upside the head. Oh waitaminnit, thats rape in their book.
I can see it now: "I was like, listening to this song right? and like it said 'I dont like the way you sound (when you scream at me)' and I so totally felt like you know, like suffocating someone so that they would like you know, not make an annoying sound you know? Im going to sue Pink Bunnie Band for 1 billion dollars for making me kill that old lady!"
Yes thats right kids, Its not the devil anymore, Media made me do it, Ill bet 5 dollars ole JT had something to do with this one too.
You might just be farming some free-range truth over there. It certainly sounds plausible to me.
Why do the keep bringing up rape?
"with the production and distribution of violent, forced, non-consensual sex acts."
"[Makers of movies depicting rape] are atrocious in what they create."
Well...at least this explains why steven king came out against it,its geared twords books too
Translation:
"We gotta make sure bigotry and hate espoused by religion is Protected because 'Protecting our religion' is of higher import than 'Protecting the children'."
Nightwng2000
NW2K Software
AND FOR THE LOVE OF ALL THAT IS SPAGHETTI, LAY OFF THE RAPE. It just makes you look even less informed than you already are.
I await 2009 - when this bill comes back stronger than ever - with utter terror.
I suspect you'd have to get into some pretty specific subgenre of porn to even find something that truly glorifies rape. Maybe that tells you something about those politicians...
I wonder if AA (America's Army) will be exempt.
I seriously doubt the bill will be any stronger than it was. It's still too beard of a question to pass a law on this. Even the best lawyer in the world cannot find a way to not make this bill unconstitutional.
If the First Amendment is still there in 2009, then there's nothing to worry about. What he wants is just too vague to be acceptable. The only way he can do it (in my opinion) is to post several small bills, but eventually, they'll contradict each other (if they ever happen to pass the First Amendment).
OK Massachusetts, time to stop this bullshit right now and just raise the white flag on the whole "games as porn" nonsense.
What kind of f-ed up games are they playing? There's never been a rape scene in any game I've ever played.
Exactly. 4-2 is an absolute defeat. This is basically the Anti-Christ of Media... Wtf is 4-2..
These guys are just going to keep putting more and more make-up on the pig until something works. They let the whistle-blowers have their victory... then quietly push it again with different language, all while we feel like the threat is gone.
If it wasn't 4-2, it could have been 3-3 if one person changed their mind.
I'm very concerned that 2 of the 6 Senate Judiciary Committee members thought this would be good enough to go on. It's not an absolute victory, especially depending on how elections turn out this coming year. I don't live in Arizona, but Rep. Warde Nichols might be waiting for a demographic shift within the committee which might come this election year?
While it's good news that it didn't pass, this isn't fantastic news... it feels more like a stay of execution.
Japanese text games, maybe?
Just because you think some form of media is bad doesn't mean you can stop other people from accessing it. Sooner or later these politicians are going to have to face this and quit wasting time trying to crush free speech.
Oh, and kudos to the Senate Judiciary Committee; you upheld free speech AND saved your taxpayers thousands or millions of dollars that would have been spent defending this bill when it came under fire.
Nothing like making a law and then having it come bite you in the ass. You KNOW those politicians have a stake in the entertainment industry or their own religions at some level.
I'm betting the new "revised" bill simply targets games.
one bloody day
This prick would censor art.
*nods* niche erotica is the biggest area where you will see rape glorified. Though there are plenty of non-adult books that are interpreted as 'glorifying rape',.. i.e. non-erotica kink related books (since many people view kink==rape, even though the similarities between DS and conservative christian gender relations are nearly identical minus the fun sex)
Imagine if someone who's heart was broken over a failed relationship successfully sued a book company over their romance novels, which featured betrayal and heartbreak.
Imagine if someone jumped of a building to their death because they read a Superman comic and the family succeeded in suing the comics industry.
This bill, if ever successful (and I have every reason to believe it won't) will be damning to the 1st Amendment.
Where would it have ended? This was basically an attempt to imprison or fine the entire american populace!
Rape in movies IS consensual, they aren't forcing the actors to have sex or depict rape.
Pixels do not need consent since, and this is important, THEY AREN'T REAL!
In fact all of this stuff is OK because IT'S NOT REAL.
Is it just me or do they sound like they're trying to say that games cause rape now?
[Makers of movies depicting rape] are atrocious in what they create. But at the same time this bill is so broad based, we have to be careful about unintended consequences.
Umm so the lifetime movie network would be screwed.
The more we try to shelter ourselves from the evils of the real world, the more evil the world gets. What ever happened to open discussions about these subjects rather than our increasingly "hear no evil, see no evil" attitude? Movies, music, and games that contain controversial subjects open up the floor for discussion. Destroying art depicting the evils of the real world isn't going to destroy the evils themselves.
I hope he meant to say glorifying rape. That would make a bit more sense. Otherwise 'A Streetcar Named Desire', my personal favorite play about bowling and rape, would be pwnt.
Though, my favorite movie about armwrestling and truckdriving may be safe.
You know, death used to be a normal part of growing up. Killing animals for food was standard, and funerals took place in the parlor. (now it's called the living room... take THAT dead guys!) I wonder how much the lack of it's presence has affected the world.
But yeah, doesn't look like we had any reason to worry anyway... and besides, do you really think they'd dare blame The Bible on anything?
The market should be allowed to regulate itself. Companies won't produce 'whatever they want' but instead 'whatever they want, which they also believe we want, assuming there is a beneficial cost:effect projection.'
"It’s a liability bill, not a “forbidden from production” law."
That's a pretty way to say forbidden. Game companies have a responsibility to their shareholders. They also understand the desire of some people to 'sue anyone for anything, always'.
Do you honestly think that there will even be a discussion as to the viability of an FPS if this is passed? If they tried to 'forbid' game makers from producing basically anything.. it would be a simpler case against the idea, more obvious than this.
They were clever to use liability in order to have the imminent forbidding on an economic level.
Dear lord, I am getting to the point where I hope these bills pass - the game industry deserves it if they just stand around playing 'Switch' when such defamatory lies get spread around. I'm tired of fighting their battles. If someone told me I made a product that includes interactive rape scenes and them marketed it to children (and no such thing exists), you'd be damn sure they'd get a call from a lawyer, State Senator or no.
(Switch is a game where you put a thumb in your mouth and the other in your bum - then switch every 5 minutes - typically 'played' while waiting for people to Raid with in WOW who are late. It is [disparagingly] considered a better game for 24 people to do than sitting around waiting for 1, but it seems the ESA likes to play it, too, instead of defending their interests.)
*NOTE* Not referring to the ECA. I know people still get them confused.
That's enough malcontent from myself though. I suggest we form independent groups of government in-house tutors about games and modern media. G.I.T.A.G.M.M. anyone?
Why is no one paid to explain what exactly happens in ~real~ computer games and media to these people? Half of them barely have any concept of what happens in modern movies, let alone computer games. Also, how many classical works (aside from le Bible) would be censored/banned etc if rape in general was moved from media accessible to the general public?
Before a flame war starts, I'm not bagging on christianity. Any nutjob can find a trigger in any book, movie, or peanut. The Bible has been used as an excuse by sickos to justify what they did, and therefore the distributors of the Bible would be liable under this law. If the AZ gov pulled his head out of his rear, he would understand where his legislation was leading.
[/sarcasm]
The law states that the material MUST first be "obscene" before the law can even apply. It defines obscenity in almost the exact language of the prevailing Supreme Court test from Miller vs. California:
"Obscene" means material that:
(a) The average person, applying contemporary community standards, would find that the material, taken as a whole, appeals to the prurient interest.
(b) The average person, applying contemporary community standards, would find that the material depicts or describes, in a patently offensive way, sexual conduct specifically defined by state law.
(c) Taken as a whole, lacks serious literary, artistic, political or scientific value.
So this law actually set up a pretty high standard to pass before this law could be applicable.
Of course, if the material was deemed obscene the issue really should end there. Obscenity is not protected speech.
Ok so I was discussing this briefly with one of my cube mates here at work...and she was for the bill! She basicly said that the media is desensitizing america...and when I mentioned my point of view (every gamers view) that its not the media, its the people and dont hold the media responsible, blame the parents and indivisual who did it, she blocked it out like it was nothing.
Its sad when people are so close minded that they no longer want to view the problem as a whole, but only what makes them feel right. And last i checked this was a FREE COUNTRY! Well for the time being, and all this censoring of video games (and apperently thats not enough they want all media) is very VERY much so NOT free. Now my history is a bit sketchy but if I remember correctly...wasnt that one of the things the pioneers of America LEFT thier country for? You kno wthe whole not being able to speak your mind? Granted it was against the government that was prosicuting them, but First they Censor and tread on the 1st Amendment, then that lays the ground for limiting all other forms of speech and rights. This effin morons piss me off, If you dont like what is in the Media, crack down on the Parents, cuz ultimately, it is They who have the Final say so, and chances are, even if they DO by some chance pass a limit on games to be sold...the parents still will buy them for thier kids. They dont care now, why would they care then, most of the times its the parents who buy the games anyway. Last i checked most kids cant afford $65 video games and $400+ systems...where could they get the money from? The parents? no..it was...GTA GAVE IT TO THEM! ZOMG BAN BAN HOT COFFEE BAN CENSOR SUE!!!
To admit this bill is to throw away scientific evidence and legally claim that videogames and other media turn kids into violent killers and sexual predators. It's part of that whole "slippery slope".
There have been several cases of teens commiting suicide and parents claiming it was the result of bands like Judas Priest and Marylin Manson. The courts wisley found that the kids were troubled anyway and that music wasn't the cause. Those rulings will be irrelevant now.
Sure, a prosecutor will have to prove cause, but this law would open the door to frivolous lawsuits. They will become more of a nuisance than they were before, costing the defendants millions in defense. Arizona will be filled with Jack Thompsons, and no one will print anything that "might" be construed as obscene.
I read the bill too, and it doesn't make it any less dangerous. Who decides what is "obscene?" Who is the "average person?" The "average person" would probably find almost every game out there to be "obscene." Lesbians in Mass Effect, prostitutes in Grand Theft Auto, naked chicks and three-somes in God of War, surly drunks in Bard's Tale, stereotypes in Bully, plenty of blood shed in any war game, pinata cannibals in Viva Pinata (ok, that one's rather silly, but even so....). They've also been arguing the literary and artistic values of games for years. But just who decides that?
This might come from the fact that I'm a law student and just have more knowledge about how the court has applied the obscenity test.
It is VERY difficult to have something declared "legally obscene"
The crux is the third prong, the lack of serious value.
The courts have employed that prong much more strictly than its language suggests. A document, taken as a whole, must be almost completely devoid of value beyond merely appealing to sex
For example: The Mass Effect "sex" scene might ON ITS OWN be considered "obscene" but the entire game itself would not be declared obscene because of "artistic" value and the fact that the game, as a whole, does not "appeal to the puriant interest in sex" (i.e. the average person is not playing the game purely to see the sex scene and nothing else)
The court has also held that you cannot separate such a scene from the work as a whole when evaluating obscenity.
Basically, the way the obscenity doctrine has been employed means that you have to show that the "game" "movie" "book" or whatever serves NO PURPOSE WHATSOEVER except to show sex.
It's an extremely difficult case to make, extremely difficult. There's a reason movies like "Showgirls" aren't covered by obscenity (NC-17 rating or not), its because even THAT movie has "artistic" value.
@ Kris specifically:
Sure those ELEMENTS of a game might be obscene, but the way the doctrine works, they do not make the game as a whole obscene. And the courts have held that you cannot ban an entire work because one part is obscene. You have to show that the work in its entirety exists for no other purpose than the obscene element. You are not allowed to ban based on a single, or even multiple, elements.
Almost nothing would be covered by it, the Courts simply have not ever extended the obscenity doctrine that far.
I'd wager money that the guy proposing it KNEW this. He knew it wouldn't be enforceable, BUT he would be able to show, at election time, how he passed this law that was going to "protect the little ones."
Most people wouldn't bother to check that the law was unenforceable against anything except games like "Custer's Revenge" all they would see is this law that was supposedly keeping the REALLY bad stuff away from their kids. They would just assume it was being used to keep those evil game companies (and other media companies) in check.
In practice, in reality, its almost completely unusable as an actual regulation. But it makes a GREAT talking point and stamp on this guys "Family Values" membership card.
Custer's Revenge
Not that I disagree with you, it's the only game in my lifetime that I'm aware of with simulated rape and it's not really that realistic. I just wanted to be a smartass.
"Of course, if the material was deemed obscene the issue really should end there. Obscenity is not protected speech."
And thus why people are so eager to classify videogames as such. (Best thing I've read in this thread, btw.)
Well put sir. This whole obscenity talk reminds me of the Dead Kennedys "Frankenchrist" trial.
...And would it mean I can sue the people who made superman 64?
Battle Raper.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_Raper
RapeLay
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RapeLay
Biko 2:Reversible Face
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biko_2:_Reversible_Face
I could go on.
Most such games are Japanese exclusives.
The bill requires that the bill be "dangerous" or "obscene" the problem here is not "obscene", but "dangerous".
It has long been held that speech which presents a clear and present danger can be punished or restrained. However, this has always been construed very narrowly and tends to apply only to disinformation calculated to cause mass panic (yelling "fire" in a crowded theater) and political speech advocating violent action against the government or third parties. In times of war, it also includes political speech which advocates draft-dodging.
The bill that was written is obviously not intended to address those types of speech which are traditionally considered to present a clear and present danger. There already exist a myriad of criminal laws and civil torts which are more than adequate to punish those sorts of speech. Another tort would have been totally unnecessary. Rather, it is obviously calculated to provide an avenue to successfully sue makers of entertainment which depict and, in the opinion of the bill's sponsors, glorify various forms of violence. It is squarely and obviously an anti-Doom, anti-GTA ,and (probably) anti-Special Force bill that would have been used to punish game publishers and motion picture studios in the wake of the next inevitable tragedy had it passed.
When are we going to get serious about defending ourselves?
When are we going to learn that the majority of the population doesn't educate itself on a topic before making a decission?
When will start taking offense to these suggestions that we create porn and intentionaly teach children to be violent?
When will we go on the offensive?
JBentley
Game Designer
The developers openly said it was consensual, and not rape.
There is custard's revenge but that game is over 20 years old and is for an old system that is rare, (the atari 2600 specifically), the game itself is even rarer.
So really it's either Name two, or name one made within the past 15 years.
the bill was written with things like online rape video's in mind, but they extended it to all forms of media so that they were not singling out a single form of media (something we always complain about them doing), i fully feel that the bill was written with the best of intentions in mind, which was to help rape victims. however the language used is much to broad based and basically any form of media could really be viewed as "Dangerous"
but please people stop complaining that these people are talking about rape in video games, they are not, they are talking about rape in media (which does happen)
Murder is terrible, but many movies involve plots with murder. The key is to separate fact and fiction.
The spirit of the bill as presented is admirable. The drafting seems poor.
My State Senator loves him some Tom Clancy, though.
Very concerned about Clancy's financial well-being.
The fact of the matter is that violence in some form is a common catelyst in storytelling. It's not even a modern part of stories. Greek, Norse, and just about any of the old mythologies involve violence of some kind. Seriously, how many of Aesop's Fables involve something being beaten, killed, enslaved, or other violent act? Hint: about half, and several more imply violent acts.
Politicians have to learn that no about of legilation will change human nature.
Well there goes every Lifetime made for TV movie.
So in the end, Nichols may reintroduce the bill, but if it's going to be more narrowly tailored like he says, chances are it will only specifically mention rape. I wouldn't worry too much about it then.
How hard is it to say, "Unconstitutional, move on."? I know, they gotta talk it out, explain it, decide, ect. But still, how many of these bills are going to be put forth before they start getting sick of it?
I saw a movie depicting rape during high school. This was during Law class and I forgot the title but the point is basic law education would've been targeted by this bill as well
I just read the Wikipedia entry for Rapelay, and it's funny that the player's character is the son of a politician
The kind of crap that is found only in Japan. It's really amazing how perverted they can be sometimes.
I can also think of one other example of that rather heinous act in video games; when the pyramid head ravages the androngenous creature in Silent Hill 2. Of course this was done by a demon thing that's also trying to kill you, but we all know that little details like the facts won't stop this people from using it as an example.
Ya know I always wondered why "Lifetime: Televistion for Woman" Has an awful lot of rape and murders of woman.
People being let out of jail due to corrupt politicians is not really exclusive to Japan (look at Mike Huckabee), and I can think of quite a few sick American fetishes as well. For the sake of taste and staying on topic I will not post them.
I do agree with you on the Silent Hill 2 example: politicians will go to great lengths to ignore the facts, such as, in the case of Silent Hill 2, Pyramid Head being symbolic.
So, remind me; which one of those were officially released in america and rated by the ESRB?
Yeah. So the arguments about those games hold even less water than Custer's Revenge (again, good luck finding it, let alone a 2600 to play it on... Where are you going to hook it up to your HDTV, anyway?)
if you mean Battle Raper, Rapelay, and Biko 2, they're all made by Illusion Soft, whose policy is for it's games not to be sold outside Japan. Therefore, they're not officially available in America and thus not rated by the ESRB.
If what America's politicians say actually held any water, then Japan's crime rate would be the definition of the word "Irony" (ex: despite the porn and violence in the media, a woman is only 20% as likely to be attacked in Japan than in the States)
That really isn't the point. ~the1jeffy issued an open challenge (albeit unintentionally) to name one video game that contains rape. The assertion that such games don't exist is false. They exist and it can be played. Virgin Roster ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virgin_Roster ), however, has been translated into English and is available for purchase in the United states. It hasn't been submitted to the ESRB for a rating; there would be no point in doing so for an eroge game. Nevertheless, I believe that might satisfy your criteria.
It should be needless to say that such games are out there and available for those who know how to look. Japanese eroge games can be downloaded from various file sharing sites (if not from an official distributer) and fan translations are available for many. There also exist flash games, text adventures, and KiSS dolls with rape; in fact, such a flash game is the very first thing that pops up when you type "rape game" into Google.
That isn't to say that lawmakers who talk about games rewarding people for rape aren't idiots; they most certainly are. They make the mistake of believing media hype and distortions about the Hot Coffee mod and Mass Effect's lesbians (oddly, no one ever mentions Fear Effect's lesbians) and think that many mainstream games contain explicit violent sex when such material is limited to the small niche erotic gaming genre. People who believe that rape games don't exist drastically underestimate human perversity and ingenuity and startling propensity for the two to act hand-in-hand.
Of course, the existence of such games is not indicative of a problem and the idea that they cause violence is just absurd, as Kincyr pointed out. This attempts to punish the makers of such games are far more atrocious than anything in the games themselves.
Yah rapelay and battle raper are completely disgusting games. Of course at the same time their only released in Japan so they're rather bad examples for American Law. They both battle raper and rapelay downloads exsist through illegally illegal torrents but that's still a tough sale to me.